Sony PlayStation Disc Future: Will Physical Games Disappear?

Category: Gaming | Reading Time: 8–10 Minutes

The PlayStation brand has shaped the gaming industry for more than 30 years. From the original PlayStation to the PlayStation 5, millions of gamers have built physical collections filled with CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray discs, and Ultra HD Blu-ray game discs. For many players, buying a physical PlayStation game has always been more than simply installing software—it represents ownership, nostalgia, collecting, and the excitement of opening a brand-new game on launch day.

However, gaming is changing faster than ever.

Digital downloads now dominate many gaming markets. Subscription platforms continue to expand, internet speeds have improved significantly, and cloud technology is becoming more capable every year. These changes have led to one of the most frequently asked questions in the console gaming industry:

Is the PlayStation Disc Future Coming to an End?

The topic has become one of the biggest discussions among PlayStation fans, collectors, developers, and industry analysts. Some believe physical PlayStation games could gradually disappear over the next decade, while others argue that disc-based gaming will continue to serve millions of players who value ownership, collecting, and offline accessibility.

So, what is actually happening?

The short answer is simple: Sony has not officially announced that PlayStation game discs are ending. At the same time, the company’s long-term investments clearly show that digital gaming is becoming an increasingly important part of the PlayStation ecosystem.

Understanding the PlayStation Disc Future requires looking beyond rumors and social media speculation. Instead, we need to examine Sony’s official strategy, the evolution of digital distribution, changing consumer behavior, and broader trends across the global gaming industry.


Quick Answer: Will Sony Stop Making PlayStation Game Discs?

No official announcement has confirmed the end of PlayStation game discs. Sony continues selling the PS5 Disc Edition, major first-party games still launch on physical media, and the company even offers an official detachable Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc Drive for compatible PS5 Digital Edition consoles. While the future of PlayStation is becoming increasingly digital, physical games remain an active part of Sony’s business today.

That distinction is important because many online discussions mix verified facts with predictions. Throughout this article, every conclusion is based either on official information or clearly identified industry analysis.


Why the PlayStation Disc Future Matters

The debate is about much more than choosing between a disc and a download. It touches on game ownership, long-term preservation, consumer rights, pricing, internet accessibility, and the future direction of console gaming.

For collectors, physical PlayStation games provide something digital purchases cannot fully replace: a tangible product that can be displayed, traded, resold, or preserved for years. Special editions, steelbooks, and limited collector’s releases have become an important part of gaming culture, often holding sentimental and financial value long after a game’s original release.

Digital game ownership offers different advantages. Players can purchase games instantly, preload titles before launch, switch between installed games without changing discs, and access their libraries from almost anywhere by signing into their PlayStation account. These conveniences have encouraged millions of gamers to embrace digital purchases.

Because both formats offer unique benefits, understanding the PlayStation Disc Future is important not only for PlayStation fans but also for anyone interested in the future of the gaming industry.


Sony’s Current Strategy: Physical and Digital Gaming Coexist

Contrary to many online rumors, Sony’s current strategy is not built around eliminating physical media. Instead, the company supports both physical and digital players through multiple hardware options.

Today’s PlayStation 5 lineup includes two primary versions:

  • PlayStation 5 Disc Edition, featuring an integrated Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc Drive for physical games and movies.
  • PlayStation 5 Digital Edition, designed for gamers who prefer downloading every title through the PlayStation Store.

This dual-console strategy reflects Sony’s recognition that different players have different preferences. Some gamers enjoy building physical collections, while others value the convenience of an entirely digital library.

Sony reinforced this flexible approach with the introduction of the PS5 Slim. Owners of the Digital Edition can purchase Sony’s official detachable Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc Drive, allowing them to add physical game support later without replacing the entire console.

This decision sends a clear message. Although Sony continues investing heavily in digital services, the company still recognizes demand for physical PlayStation games. Rather than forcing customers into a single ecosystem, Sony currently allows them to decide how they want to buy, own, and experience games.

That balanced approach forms the foundation of today’s PlayStation Disc Future. The company’s strategy is not about choosing one format over another overnight—it’s about gradually expanding digital opportunities while continuing to support players who prefer physical media.


Why Is the Gaming Industry Moving Toward a Digital Future?

The discussion surrounding the PlayStation Disc Future did not begin because Sony announced the end of physical games. Instead, it has grown from a combination of technological progress, changing consumer behavior, and evolving business strategies across the gaming industry.

Over the past decade, the way people buy and play games has changed dramatically. Millions of players now purchase new releases digitally on launch day, preload games before release, and access hundreds of titles through subscription services. As a result, digital distribution has become one of the fastest-growing segments of the gaming market.

For Sony, this shift creates new opportunities. Digital distribution reduces manufacturing costs, simplifies global game launches, and allows players to purchase games instantly through the PlayStation Store. At the same time, physical games continue serving collectors, players with limited internet access, and gamers who prefer owning a tangible copy of their purchases.

This balanced approach explains why the PlayStation Disc Future remains one of the most debated topics in modern gaming.


What Sony Has Officially Confirmed

When discussing the future of PlayStation physical games, separating confirmed information from speculation is essential. Online rumors often spread quickly, but Sony’s official announcements paint a much clearer picture.

Confirmed Facts

  • Sony continues selling the PS5 Disc Edition with an integrated Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc Drive.
  • Major PlayStation first-party titles continue launching on physical Blu-ray discs alongside digital versions.
  • The official detachable Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc Drive remains available for compatible PS5 Digital Edition consoles.
  • Sony continues expanding the PlayStation Store, PlayStation Plus, cloud gaming technologies, and other digital services.
  • Both physical and digital game purchases remain fully supported within the current PlayStation ecosystem.

What Sony Has Not Confirmed

  • No official announcement says PlayStation game discs are ending.
  • No official statement confirms that future PlayStation consoles will be digital-only.
  • No timeline has been announced for discontinuing physical PlayStation games.
  • Sony has not stated that the PlayStation Store will completely replace physical retail releases.

This distinction is important because responsible reporting depends on verified information rather than assumptions. While industry trends clearly indicate growing digital adoption, predictions should never be presented as confirmed facts.


Why Physical PlayStation Games Still Matter

Despite the rapid growth of digital gaming, physical PlayStation games continue to offer advantages that remain important for millions of players around the world.

True Game Ownership

Many gamers prefer owning a physical copy because it provides a tangible product that can be collected, displayed, traded, or gifted. For collectors, a shelf filled with PlayStation games represents years of gaming memories and personal achievements.

Resale and Trading

Unlike most digital purchases, physical PlayStation games can often be resold or exchanged after completion. This flexibility allows players to recover part of their investment or experience more games without purchasing every title at full price.

Collector’s Editions

Limited editions, steelbooks, art books, statues, and premium packaging continue attracting dedicated fans. These releases often become valuable collector’s items long after production ends, something digital versions cannot replicate.

Accessibility Around the World

Although internet infrastructure has improved significantly, high-speed broadband is still unavailable or expensive in many regions. Downloading a modern AAA game that exceeds 100GB may take several hours—or even days—for some players. Physical media remains an important option in these markets.


The PlayStation Disc Future Depends on Player Choice

One of Sony’s biggest strengths has always been offering players flexibility. Instead of forcing every customer into a single purchasing model, the company currently supports both physical and digital gaming.

Some players value the convenience of downloading games instantly, while others continue building physical game collections. Sony’s current hardware lineup reflects this reality by supporting both preferences rather than treating one format as obsolete.

As technology continues evolving, the balance between physical and digital gaming may shift further toward downloads and cloud-based services. However, based on officially available information, physical PlayStation games remain an active part of Sony’s ecosystem today.


Why the Gaming Industry Is Moving Toward Digital Distribution

The conversation about the PlayStation Disc Future extends far beyond Sony. Almost every major gaming company—including Microsoft, Nintendo, Valve, Epic Games, Ubisoft, Electronic Arts, and Activision—has invested heavily in digital distribution over the past decade. This industry-wide transition is driven by technology, changing consumer habits, and long-term business strategy rather than a single decision by one company.

Although physical PlayStation games continue to play an important role, the global gaming ecosystem is gradually shifting toward digital purchases. Understanding why requires looking at both the business perspective and the player experience.


Lower Manufacturing Costs

Every physical PlayStation game involves a lengthy production process before reaching consumers. Publishers must manufacture Ultra HD Blu-ray discs, print cover artwork, produce plastic cases, package the products, transport them worldwide, and distribute them to retailers.

Each stage adds production expenses, including:

  • Disc manufacturing
  • Plastic case production
  • Printed cover artwork
  • Packaging materials
  • Shipping and logistics
  • Warehouse storage
  • Retail distribution

Digital distribution removes many of these costs. Once a game is complete, it can be delivered directly through the PlayStation Store without producing physical inventory. This allows publishers to release games globally with fewer logistical challenges.


Global Launches Become Simpler

In previous console generations, publishers often shipped millions of physical copies to retailers before launch day. Delays caused by manufacturing or transportation could affect release dates in different countries.

Digital distribution has changed this process.

Players can preload games several days before release, and the title unlocks automatically at launch. Whether someone lives in Japan, Europe, North America, or India, they can often begin playing at the same time without waiting for physical stock to arrive.


Instant Access Improves Convenience

Convenience has become one of the biggest reasons why digital game purchases continue growing.

Instead of visiting a store or waiting for delivery, players can purchase a game online, download it immediately, and begin playing as soon as installation finishes.

Additional conveniences include:

  • Instant purchases from home
  • Automatic game updates
  • Digital pre-orders
  • Preloading before launch
  • Fast switching between installed games
  • No need to insert or change discs

These advantages have made digital libraries increasingly attractive for many PlayStation users.


The Growth of PlayStation Plus

One of Sony’s biggest digital investments is PlayStation Plus. Rather than purchasing every game individually, subscribers gain access to a rotating catalog of titles through their membership.

The service now offers multiple subscription tiers with benefits such as:

  • Monthly downloadable games
  • Large game catalogs
  • Online multiplayer access
  • Cloud storage for saved games
  • Game trials on supported plans

Subscription services encourage players to access games digitally instead of purchasing every title on disc. While this does not replace physical ownership, it demonstrates how gaming habits continue evolving.


Cloud Gaming Continues to Improve

Cloud gaming remains an important long-term technology for the gaming industry. Instead of running every game directly from local hardware, cloud services process gameplay on remote servers and stream video to compatible devices.

Sony already supports cloud streaming for selected PlayStation Plus Premium features in supported regions. Improvements in internet infrastructure and server technology may expand these capabilities over time.

However, cloud gaming still depends on reliable high-speed internet and is not yet a complete replacement for traditional console gaming in many parts of the world.


Why Physical Games Still Remain Relevant

Even though digital gaming continues expanding, physical PlayStation games continue serving millions of players.

Collectors appreciate premium packaging, limited editions, steelbooks, and physical ownership. Many players also prefer the ability to lend, trade, or resell games after completing them.

In regions where broadband internet remains expensive or unreliable, downloading a modern AAA title exceeding 100GB may not always be practical. Physical discs remain a convenient alternative in these situations.


Industry Reality: Digital Growth Does Not Mean Physical Is Ending

One of the biggest misconceptions surrounding the PlayStation Disc Future is that increasing digital sales automatically mean physical games will disappear soon.

Current evidence does not support that conclusion.

Instead, the gaming industry is operating in a hybrid environment where physical and digital formats coexist. Digital adoption continues rising, but physical editions remain valuable for collectors, retailers, and players who prioritize ownership and offline accessibility.


will explore one of the biggest questions among gamers: Could PlayStation 6 become digital-only? We’ll analyze official Sony statements, patent activity, industry trends, hardware strategy, and expert expectations while clearly separating confirmed facts from informed speculation.

Could PlayStation 6 Become Digital-Only? Facts, Industry Trends, and Expert Analysis

Few topics generate as much discussion among PlayStation fans as the possibility of a digital-only PlayStation 6. Every time Sony files a new patent, launches updated hardware, or expands digital services, speculation quickly spreads across social media, YouTube, Reddit, and gaming forums.

But an important question remains:

Has Sony officially confirmed that PlayStation 6 will remove the disc drive?

No.

As of now, Sony has not officially announced the PlayStation 6 hardware design, whether it will include a built-in Ultra HD Blu-ray disc drive, support detachable drives, or become completely digital.

Everything beyond Sony’s official announcements should be treated as industry analysis—not confirmed fact.


What We Officially Know Today

Before examining predictions, it is important to establish the current facts.

  • Sony continues selling the PlayStation 5 Standard Edition with a built-in Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc Drive.
  • Sony also sells the PlayStation 5 Digital Edition.
  • The PS5 Slim Digital Edition supports Sony’s official detachable Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc Drive.
  • Sony continues releasing major first-party games on physical discs.
  • No official PlayStation 6 specifications have been announced.

These confirmed facts demonstrate that Sony currently supports both physical and digital gaming rather than forcing consumers into a single purchasing model.


Why Experts Believe Digital Gaming Will Continue Growing

Although Sony has not confirmed a digital-only PlayStation 6, many industry analysts believe digital adoption will continue increasing throughout the remainder of this console generation.

Several long-term trends support this view:

  • Increasing digital game sales
  • Expansion of subscription gaming
  • Growth of cloud gaming infrastructure
  • Higher broadband availability worldwide
  • Rising production and logistics costs for physical media
  • Greater consumer preference for instant downloads

These trends affect the entire gaming industry—not just PlayStation.


The PS5 Slim May Reveal Sony’s Long-Term Direction

One of the strongest indicators discussed by analysts is Sony’s decision to redesign the PlayStation 5 Slim.

Instead of permanently separating disc and digital hardware, Sony introduced a modular approach.

The Digital Edition can later be upgraded using Sony’s official detachable Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc Drive.

This strategy provides several advantages:

  • One hardware platform for multiple buyers.
  • Reduced manufacturing complexity.
  • Greater flexibility for consumers.
  • Lower inventory management costs.
  • Freedom to choose digital or physical gaming later.

Many analysts believe this modular design could influence future PlayStation hardware, although Sony has never confirmed that it represents the PlayStation 6 strategy.


Why Sony May Continue Supporting Physical Games

Completely removing physical games would create challenges that Sony cannot ignore.

Millions of players continue purchasing disc editions because they value ownership, resale opportunities, collector’s editions, and offline installation.

Retail partners also remain an important part of Sony’s global business.

Physical releases continue generating revenue for:

  • Electronics retailers
  • Gaming stores
  • Department stores
  • Regional distributors
  • Collector-focused markets

Ending physical media too quickly could negatively affect both consumers and retail relationships.


Challenges Facing a Fully Digital Future

A completely digital PlayStation ecosystem also faces several practical limitations.

Internet Infrastructure

Many countries still lack reliable high-speed internet. Downloading games larger than 100GB can take many hours—or even days—depending on local network quality.

Storage Requirements

Modern AAA games continue increasing in size.

Players may need to repeatedly delete and reinstall titles if internal storage becomes full.

Ownership Concerns

Many gamers prefer physical copies because they can trade, lend, sell, or keep games regardless of changes to digital storefronts.

This remains one of the strongest arguments in favor of physical media.


Could Sony Release Multiple PS6 Versions?

Another possibility frequently discussed by analysts is that Sony could continue offering multiple hardware options instead of choosing only one.

Possible approaches include:

  • Standard console with built-in disc drive.
  • Digital Edition with optional detachable drive.
  • Completely modular hardware design.
  • Region-specific product variations.

These possibilities are based on industry analysis and Sony’s current hardware strategy. They have not been officially confirmed.


Prediction vs. Reality

Topic Status
PS6 officially announced ❌ No
Digital-only PS6 confirmed ❌ No
Physical PlayStation games discontinued ❌ No
Digital gaming continues growing ✅ Yes
Sony expanding digital ecosystem ✅ Yes
Physical games still supported ✅ Yes

Will Physical PlayStation Game Discs Survive Until 2035? Market Forecast, Industry Trends, and Reality

As digital gaming continues expanding worldwide, one question appears repeatedly among PlayStation fans, collectors, retailers, and gaming analysts:

Will physical PlayStation game discs still exist in 2035?

The short answer is that nobody knows with certainty, including Sony. The company has not published any roadmap confirming when—or if—it plans to discontinue physical game releases.

However, by examining official business strategies, industry data, consumer behavior, and long-term technology trends, it is possible to build a realistic picture of where the market may be heading.

The key point is to separate facts from predictions.


The Gaming Industry Has Changed Before

Physical media has never remained the same forever.

Gaming has evolved through several storage formats over the past four decades:

  • Cartridges (NES, SNES, Nintendo 64)
  • Compact Discs (Original PlayStation)
  • DVDs (PlayStation 2)
  • Blu-ray Discs (PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4)
  • Ultra HD Blu-ray Discs (PlayStation 5)

Each transition was driven by advances in technology, higher storage requirements, faster loading speeds, and changing consumer expectations.

This history shows that gaming distribution continuously evolves rather than remaining fixed.


Why Physical Games Are Still Important Today

Despite rapid digital growth, physical PlayStation games continue serving millions of players worldwide.

Several reasons explain why demand remains strong.

1. True Ownership

Many players prefer purchasing a disc because they physically own the product.

Unlike digital licenses, physical copies can usually be:

  • Resold
  • Traded
  • Gifted
  • Collected
  • Displayed

This sense of ownership remains one of the biggest advantages of physical media.


2. Collector’s Market

Limited editions, SteelBooks, deluxe packaging, and collector’s editions continue attracting dedicated fans.

Rare PlayStation games often increase in value years after release, creating an active collector market across many countries.

Digital downloads cannot fully replace that collecting experience.


3. Retail Business Still Matters

Retail stores remain important partners for Sony.

Major game launches continue generating significant sales through electronics retailers, gaming stores, and online marketplaces.

Physical launches also help increase console visibility and strengthen relationships with distributors around the world.


4. Internet Limitations

Not every country has fast, affordable, or reliable broadband.

Modern AAA games often exceed 100GB.

For many households, downloading large titles remains slower than installing from a physical disc followed by required updates.

This practical reality helps physical media remain relevant in many regions.


What Could Reduce Physical Game Sales?

Although physical gaming remains important, several long-term trends continue pushing the industry toward digital distribution.

Growing Digital Convenience

  • Instant purchases
  • Automatic downloads
  • Pre-loading before launch
  • Cloud saves
  • Remote installation
  • Automatic updates

These features offer convenience that physical discs cannot fully match.


Subscription Services

Subscription platforms are becoming increasingly important.

Players now access hundreds of games through monthly memberships instead of purchasing every title individually.

This trend changes how consumers think about game ownership.


Cloud Gaming Improvements

Cloud gaming technology continues improving each year.

Although it has not replaced local gaming, improvements in internet infrastructure, latency reduction, and streaming quality may gradually reduce dependence on local physical media.

However, cloud gaming still faces bandwidth and infrastructure limitations in many parts of the world.


Can Physical and Digital Gaming Continue Together?

Many analysts believe the most realistic future is not physical versus digital—but physical and digital existing side by side.

This hybrid strategy already reflects Sony’s current PlayStation ecosystem.

  • Physical game purchases
  • Digital downloads
  • Subscription libraries
  • Cloud services
  • Digital add-on content

Instead of replacing one another overnight, these distribution models can continue serving different types of players.


Forecast for 2035

Prediction Likelihood Based on Current Trends
Digital gaming becomes dominant High
Physical games continue for collectors Moderate to High
Completely digital PlayStation ecosystem worldwide Possible, but not confirmed
Physical discs disappear before 2035 No official evidence supports this today

These forecasts are based on current industry trends and analyst observations. They should not be interpreted as official Sony plans.


Official Reality vs Internet Rumors

Statement Status
Sony announced the end of PlayStation discs ❌ False
Sony continues releasing physical games ✅ True
Digital gaming is growing worldwide ✅ True
Collectors continue supporting physical editions ✅ True
2035 strategy officially revealed ❌ No

Sony’s Long-Term PlayStation Strategy — Cloud Gaming, AI, Digital Ownership, and the Future of Physical Discs

After examining Sony’s current hardware lineup, the rise of digital gaming, and long-term industry trends, one important question remains:

Where is PlayStation actually heading over the next decade?

While Sony has not revealed every detail of its future roadmap, the company’s official announcements, business investments, and technology initiatives provide valuable clues about its long-term priorities.

The future of PlayStation is unlikely to depend on a single technology. Instead, Sony appears to be building an ecosystem where consoles, digital services, subscriptions, cloud gaming, AI-assisted experiences, and physical gaming continue working together.


Sony’s Business Is No Longer Only About Selling Consoles

During earlier console generations, success was measured largely by hardware sales.

Today, Sony’s gaming business extends far beyond console manufacturing.

The PlayStation ecosystem now includes:

  • PlayStation hardware
  • PlayStation Store
  • PlayStation Plus subscription services
  • First-party game studios
  • Digital game sales
  • Downloadable content (DLC)
  • Cloud-based services
  • Accessories and peripherals

This broader ecosystem allows Sony to generate recurring revenue while giving players multiple ways to access games and services.


Cloud Gaming Will Continue Expanding

Cloud gaming has become one of the industry’s most closely watched technologies.

Instead of relying entirely on local hardware, cloud gaming allows certain games to be processed on remote servers and streamed over the internet.

Potential advantages include:

  • Reduced waiting time for installations
  • Access across multiple compatible devices
  • Lower dependence on physical media
  • Greater flexibility for players

However, cloud gaming is not yet a complete replacement for local console gaming.

Performance still depends on stable, high-speed internet, low latency, and regional server availability. These factors vary significantly across different countries.


Artificial Intelligence Could Transform PlayStation

Artificial intelligence is expected to influence many aspects of future gaming.

Although Sony has not announced every planned implementation, AI technologies are already becoming increasingly important across the industry.

Possible applications include:

  • Smarter non-player characters (NPCs)
  • Improved accessibility features
  • Personalized game recommendations
  • Enhanced voice interaction
  • Adaptive gameplay systems
  • More efficient game development tools

These developments are expected to improve player experiences rather than replace traditional gameplay.


Game Preservation Will Remain an Important Challenge

As the industry becomes more digital, preserving older games becomes increasingly complex.

Collectors, historians, developers, and players continue discussing how future generations will access classic titles.

Important considerations include:

  • Digital licensing
  • Server availability
  • Backward compatibility
  • Long-term archive support
  • Physical media preservation

Sony has supported backward compatibility in selected cases, but preserving gaming history remains a challenge for the entire industry—not just PlayStation.


Will Physical Discs Completely Disappear?

Based on currently available information, there is no evidence that physical PlayStation discs will disappear in the immediate future.

Several factors continue supporting physical releases:

  • Collector demand
  • Retail partnerships
  • Gift purchases
  • Resale markets
  • Regions with slower internet infrastructure

At the same time, digital distribution will almost certainly continue growing because of its convenience, speed, and lower distribution costs.

The most realistic expectation is a gradual shift rather than an abrupt transition.


Confirmed Facts vs Future Expectations

Topic Current Status
PlayStation 5 supports physical games ✅ Officially confirmed
PlayStation Store continues expanding ✅ Officially confirmed
PlayStation Plus remains a major service ✅ Officially confirmed
Physical games officially ending ❌ Not confirmed
PlayStation 6 digital-only ❌ Not confirmed
Digital gaming will continue growing ✅ Strong industry trend

Final Verdict

The future of PlayStation is evolving—but it is not moving in a single direction overnight.

Sony continues investing heavily in digital gaming, subscriptions, cloud technologies, and online services while still supporting physical game releases through the PlayStation 5 ecosystem.

Despite widespread online speculation, Sony has not officially announced the end of PlayStation game discs or confirmed that future PlayStation consoles will be digital-only.

Current evidence suggests that Sony’s long-term strategy is based on flexibility. Rather than forcing every player into one purchasing model, the company continues supporting physical collectors, digital buyers, subscription users, and cloud gaming customers simultaneously.

As internet infrastructure improves and gaming technology evolves, digital distribution will likely become increasingly dominant. However, physical media is expected to remain relevant for collectors, ownership-focused players, and regions where downloading massive games remains challenging.

Ultimately, the future of PlayStation will be shaped not only by Sony’s decisions but also by consumer preferences, technological innovation, retail economics, and global internet accessibility.


Article Summary

  • ✔ Sony has not announced the end of PlayStation discs.
  • ✔ Physical and digital PlayStation games currently coexist.
  • ✔ PS5 Standard Edition and the detachable disc drive demonstrate continued physical media support.
  • ✔ Digital gaming, subscriptions, and cloud services are growing rapidly.
  • ✔ A digital-only PlayStation 6 remains speculation, not official information.
  • ✔ The most likely future is a hybrid ecosystem where physical and digital options continue to coexist for years.

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